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052025 GOOD OF TOWN Tree Study_Danville Blvd
m vc 0 is cW c0 m L>.m N d L a The Danville Boulevard Tree Survey: Our Community Resource and Identity Trees are Alamo's main source of community identity. This survey is meant as a tool to preserve and enhance our shared community resource. In addition to our cornucopia of neighborhood trees, the treescape along Danville Boulevard is our collective spirit of place. The palliative, restorative and therapeutic benefits of trees, beyond just aesthetics, embraces Danville Boulevard impacting and enhancing our daily lives. While trees, plants and water are well understood to be key to our survival, this survey and study shows how just a small slice of our neighborhood trees directly affect our lives. The information provided here illustrates the local and global implications of our shared resource that nurtures our very existence. Q4te 6_)11--th(pfd 1 Table of Contents Survey Prologue Table of Contents Tree Survey Genesis History Background Survey Goals Survey Process Regional Connection Overall Site Location Map Study Just the Facts Fauna & Mammals Homes & Businesses Benefits to the Community Energy Savings Water Savings Stimulus Results Opportunities Next Steps Overall Tree Index Bibliography and Science Appendix Sheet Location Map Tree Survey Sheets & Opportunities The Authors Page Number 1 2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9- 10 11 12 13 - 14 15- 16 17 18 19-20 21 - 22 23 - 24 25 26 - 30 31 32 - 33 34 35-61 62 Tree Survey Genesis 1 Photo courtesy of Robert Mowat Associates 3 The Alamo Municipal Advisory Council undertook in mid 2023 the task to perform an in depth and accurate survey of the existing trees that lined the east and west sides of Danville Boulevard. The Council recognizes the community importance and significance of our tree canopy. A survey of 1,000 residents undertaken by the Alamo Improvement Association in October, 2023 identified the #1 feature defining Alamo's community character were trees and the rural character it imparts. County staff had been relying on inaccurate tree locations and information from 40 year old plans. It was acknowledged that a more accurate inventory and placement were needed. The old plans were creating issues with correctly managing the tree maintenance and removal schedule. A member of the Advisory Council chose to undertake the task of inventory and mapping all trees along the 3.5 Miles of Alamo's Danville Boulevard as a Pro Bono project. It is only one portion of a greater historical thoroughfare which in its entirety connects five city communities together. It was acknowledged that the tree survey would also help impart to the community the importance of the health benefits, ecosystem value and historical significance of the Danville Boulevard tree canopy. Subcommittee meetings with members of the public and a representatives of the Alamo Improvement Association believed the survey would help educate the community to the many ramifications of tree loss along Danville Boulevard. Desiccation of nearby trees and plantings due to higher temperatures and increased water use in surrounding neighborhoods would be a result. Increases in temperatures to both roadways and roofs would create economic implications to nearby residents due to increased utility costs. The survey would also help inform the people of Alamo to their community ownership of a shared resource. (Property values, personal health, animal life cycles, migratory birds, ecosystem vitality, climate impacts, pollution abatement) The tree survey and inventory would demonstrate in practical, easy to understand language that the tree canopy provides future opportunities for both community identity and personal health benefits. Constraints of property lines, utility locations and private drives impact the future planting of additional trees. These pieces of information were also included onto the tree survey plans. CA. Valley Oak, Photo Courtesy of Robert Mowat Associates The completed survey provides stakeholders and governmental agencies with an accurate body of knowledge regarding our community resource and the management of its many layered pieces. It guides and informs future planting and habitat opportunities with the understanding of existing constraints. History Background 5 Walnut Trees planted along Danville Boulevard, circa 1920 Courtesy of the Museum of the San Ramon Valley The earliest alignment of Danville Boulevard most likely began as a horse and walking route on the flattest, most direct line for traversing north and south in the valley. The flat terrain and easy accessibility to water from San Ramon Creek for horses or livestock made this a practical choice. Shade for comfort while traveling was likely in abundance along the banks of the creek. Native Indian inhabitants had several semi permanent communities along the creek. Practicality, ease and expediency likely created the approximate early alignment for Danville Boulevard. With the establishment of Spanish Missions in the late 1700's and European settler influence in the mid 1850's, they more than likely used this same unpaved trail for traveling thru and within the valley. In the mid to late 1800's, early farms and ranches brought agricultural improvements and interests to the San Ramon Valley. Danville Boulevard (or Martinez Road, as it was known then) had an early mass planting of Walnuts as a formal tree allee' installed by a rancher named Morgan. This well maintained, early treescape brought a sense of permanence and legitimacy to the thoroughfare. Shortly after these early European settlers arrived, a movement began to bring a railroad to the San Ramon Valley for transportation of local agricultural products. By 1891, the railroad was installed with an approximate parallel location to the current Danville Boulevard. The railroad line along with several early homes and ranches solidified the importance of this route and alignment. Several early ranchers, such as Hemme and Hall, began the informal planting of trees along Danville Boulevard adjacent to their properties. About 35 years after the railroads' inauguration, the importance of this transportation corridor became evident when a formalized tree planting program began in the late 1920's with the first mass planting of American Elms. The planting of these Elms coincided with a period of American awareness regarding public parks, roadways, recreation spaces and a new respect for the intrinsic benefit of trees that brought increased value to new and urbanizing communities. Further valley settlement and urbanization for the next 100 years brought informal additions with a multitude of tree species. Danville Boulevard's treescape and canopy is the result of almost 200 years of organic growth and addition of trees by various interests. Today, we see the results of natural selection, human endeavor and civic influence. American Elm Trees, photographed in 1950. Courtesy of the Museum of the San Ramon Vailey 7 Survey Goals 1 Iconic Danville Boulevard Photo Coutersy of Robert Mowat Associates The primary goal of this study and inventory is to preserve and enhance our shared community resource. It is understood by the community of Alamo the importance placed upon our natural environment and that trees play a significant role in that ecosystem. Beyond the aesthetic appeal enhancing local property values, trees provide an important role in supplying life's oxygen and habitat for the flora and fauna in our environment. This inventory will quantify the number of trees and the particular species which will inform the community and County staff in the value of maintaining and enhancing this unique resource. The mapping of all trees greater than 8" in diameter along the 3.5 Miles of this historical highway allows interested parties to accurately and scientifically ascertain both positive and negative effects when altering this resource. Danville Boulevard connects five adjacent city communities together. The old highway is now known by four different names depending on the city in which it is located. The character of the treescape along this roadway is different in each of the five communities that it exists within. The visual effect of smaller tree quantities can be seen in these adjacent cities. The tree study will help educate the community on the ramifications of tree loss and the effects of heat island and ambient cooling on Alamo. Removal of tree canopy impacts higher temperatures and water use in surrounding neighborhoods. Due to increased temperatures from roadways and roofs, this holds economic implications with higher heating and cooling bills for homes and business located immediately adjacent to Danville Boulevard. The tree study will endeavor to educate the community of Alamo to their shared ownership of our collective resource. Property values, personal health, animal life cycles, migratory birds, ecosystem vitality, micro -climate impacts, pollution abatement are all impacted when managing this resource. Lastly, this tree survey hopes to motivate and provide homeowners and governmental agencies with a body of knowledge regarding our community resource and the management of its many layered pieces. 8 Historic Elm Tree from 1920's Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates Fall color along Danville Boulevard, Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates 9 Survey Process 1 Survey Study Stimulus A Community's Commitment to Preserving Its Natural Heritage n many cities, roadside treescapes fade into the background, unnoticed and underappreciated. In the Town of Alamo, the Alamo Municipal Advisory Council (Alamo MAC) recognized the value of its historic tree -lined boulevard and took bold steps to protect it. Danville Boulevard has long been a defining feature of Alamo, once a dirt trail traversed by Native Californian tribes, later a bustling state highway, and now a shaded thoroughfare enriched by decades of natural growth. But this green corridor was under silent attack; homeowners were illegally removing trees from the public right-of-way, neglected and diseased trees were left to deteriorate, and improper removals by private companies threatened the health of this essential urban forest. Members of the Landscape and Parks Sub Committee began a discussion of possible tree planting in selected areas of the Town. Most notably, the downtown area was lacking a strong canopy of trees like most of Danville Boulevard. One of the members on the Alamo MAC Sub Committee was a landscape architect and proposed to begin the process of locating and identifying the existing trees on the boulevard. An offer was made to utilize the member's firm resources as a Pro Bono effort for the community. 10 Landscape Architect - Led Action The local landscape architectural firm stepped in, offering their expertise to assess the boulevard's trees and advocate for their protection. The survey cataloged tree species and their location, while also quantifying broader environmental benefits, such as carbon dioxide capture, oxygen production, and habitat support for local wildlife. The firm and their staff members walked the boulevard's 3.5 miles noting any tree over 8" in trunk diameter at breast height (TDBH). This TDBH is a common arboriculture standard on selecting trees that are mature enough to be counted as viable specimens. The firm led survey walks and noted tree locations and species on 5 separate occasions over the course of 1-1/2 years to ensure the accuracy of the survey. Once a full and complete survey of all trees was completed, the firm began the process of identifying planting opportunities to enhance the community resource. The plans were modified a final time noting planting constraints such as utilities, light standards, bus stops, vehicular access and pedestrian circulation patterns that would impact tree locations. Private homeowner driveways were also noted for preservation. A ireescape at Risk What started as a tree count quickly became a multi -faceted study designed to educate, engage, and inspire. The survey became a study, then a call to action which ultimately resulted in regional wide public awareness and a $250,000.00 commitment to plant trees. The survey became more than an inventory, but an inspiration. Danville Boulevard, a community identity, Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates Regional Connection SHELL RIDGE NORTH GATE SARANAPreL ir re IIVORNA ROSSMOOR ' .,ya ESTATE ALAMO WEST ALAMO n4/ 11 WEST SINE DANVILIE D NVILLE BROOKTREE ALAMO OAKS NORRIS CANYON 1. 74 7 OA t , GREENBROOK 7 Ira TA:5SA}ARA KOMANDORSKI VILLAGE k Ketboord shorWs MEND d•eta 02023 Google Tema Reot rt amil", taw INES V Image Courtsery of Snazzy Map & Robert Mowat Associates 12 Overall Site Location Map TO o t WALNUT 0 CREEK f • • Tree Survey Study Area, rr • 3 f TO DANVILLE Image Courtsery of Snazzy Map & Robert Mowat Associates 13 Just the Facts Alamo, California Alamo's location, close to the base of Mt. Diablo has a long history of native tribes, Mexican ranchers and in more recent history of the mid -1800's, settlers seeking a place to farm and raise their families. Alamo has the distinction of being one of Contra Costa County's earliest European settlements (circa 1852). It was established soon after the county seat of Martinez. The name, Alamo, means "Poplar" or "Cottonwood" in Spanish. pp 14, 335 POPULATION of 2022 U.S. Census Danville Blvd Length -3.5 mile Tree Canopy 973,730 sq.ft. Paved Roadway 698,730 sq.ft. 1920's American Elm Ginko Tree California Redwood Red Maple Tree Map Courtesy of Google Map & photos Courtesy of Robert Mowat Associates 36 TOTAL QUANTITY OF PUBLIC TREES ALONG DANVILLE BOULEVARD miN 11= • 33% 376 FALL COLOR TREES OF TOTAL 1163 TREES 1 1 0/0 14 25% Evergreen Trees Coniferious Trees Deciduous Trees Ornamental Trees 64 % Fruit Trees 697 Shade Trees CA. Native Trees 126 SPRING COLOR Pioneer Trees - American Elms TREES OF TOTAL 1136 TREES 20 Riparian Trees Photos Courtesy of Robert Mowat Associates 15 Fauna and Mammals While it is difficult to accurately assess an exact number of mammal species in a given area, it is well know that at least 16 species are likely present. These include: bobcat, coyote, black tail deer, gray fox, raccoons, field mice, opossum, skunk, squirrels, ground squirrels, chip monks, moles, voles, gophers, and two species of rabbits. Although unlikely, Black and Brown Bear along with Mountain Lion sightings in California cities are becoming more commonplace. Wild boar are more commonly associated on the eastern side of Alamo, yet reports of sightings and property damage on the western side have occurred. The multitude of animal species that exist here depend on this valued ecosystem for survival. Photo Courtsery of Contra Costa County Animal Service species of mammals 1 6 1 species of birds At least 7 types of common snakes are present in the area. Several species of lizards, frogs, salamander, wild turtles and frogs are present along the creek and boulevard. Spiders and large tarantulas are commonly seen along with the occasional scorpion. Slugs and snails APE are widespread. A multitude of insects and invertebrates Costa are also present in the Alamo corridor area. *2 Photo Courtsery of Contra County Animal Service It would be fair to state that there is a vibrant fauna ecosystem within the Danville Boulevard corridor of Alamo and its associated San Ramon Creek. The greatest value to fauna habitat is the Oak woodland which provides floristic diversity and structural protection, cover and habitat. Oak woodlands create the most attractive habitat for the greatest diversity of riparian species. In a stream environment, such as San Ramon Creek which is adjacent to Danville Boulevard, the shade canopy is the most critical element of riparian habitat quality. There are numerous draws and smaller creek inlets feeding San Ramon Creek that also provide valuable habitat. Many of these, if not most, run through private property parcels. The Danville Boulevard trees that provide cover and a food source are a valuable and integral part of this ecosystem. * 1 . Western Rattlesnake, Northern Pacific Rattlesnake, Night Snake, Ring-necked snake, Gopher snake, Alameda Whipsnake, King snake, Mountain King snake and the Garter snake *2. Information on species taken from several online sources including the Contra Costa County Fish and Wildlife Committee. 16 Fauna and Mammals 1163 TREES SUPPORTS 1 Shelter & Nesting MMONIONINNIONINNOMMINNOMMMINNIMMINNIM Estimated Total Birds Supported 3,000 - 5,000 individual birds nesting or roosting annually ( Estima Estimated Total Insects Supported #13 430,000,000 insects,including pollinators & decomposers r Estimated Total Mammals Supported 3,500 - 7,000 mammals using trees for shelter. (Mammals • • (Food Resources im ..........i....... .................... (Insects) • • ■ • (Deer & Large Herbivoresmc • • • 4,0kt.j. ,00z� Estimated Total Large Herbivores Supported _100 - 200 deers annually • 17 Homes and Businesses 183 homes that front onto Danville Boulevard ( 15 condominium /apartments buildings) Apartments along Danville Boulevard, air 133 w busineses that front on Danville Boulevard Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates 9 office churches buildings that front that front on Danville on Danville Boulevard Boulevard Typical Businesses along Danville Boulevard, Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates 18 Benefits to the Community 1 02 Production & Consumption Oxygen Production by Oak Trees: • An average tree produces 274 liters of oxygen per day. • With 1,136 trees, the total oxygen produced daily is: 274 liters x 1,136 trees = 311,264 liters of oxygen per day. Oxygen Consumption by Humans: • A person uses approximately 800 liters of oxygen per day. • The oxygen produced by these trees supports: 311,264 liters ± 800 liters per person = 389 people. • Percentage of Alamo's Population Served: (389 _ 14,335) x 100 = 2.7% of the population's oxygen needs met. Typical Treescape on Danville Boulevard Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates CO2 Sequestration Benefits Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Oak Trees: • An average tree captures 30 liters of CO2 per day per tree. • 30 liters/tree x 1,136 trees = 34,080 liters/day captured • 34,080 liters captured / 550 liters /exhaled per person /day = 62 people's CO2 captured per day by the Danville Boulevard treescape. 19 Energy Savings with Shading from Tree Canopy 1 INTRO Awell-placed tree canopy can significantly lower the indoor temperature 7-10 degrees of a home, especially during the hot summer months.' The shading effect of trees, combined with transpiration cooling, contributes to reducing surrounding air temperatures and energy consumption. This document explores the financial and environmental benefits of tree shading for residential areas. ENERGY SAVING! An average 2,000 square -foot home consumes approximately 900 kWh per month, equating to 45 kWh per square foot. *2 The homes along Danville Boulevard vary in size from 1,500 to over 5,000 square feet. For this study, an average Alamo home of 2,000 square feet with three bedrooms and two bathrooms is used as a reference. Air conditioning is typically required from May to October, spanning six months of the year. By reducing the indoor temperature by 10 degrees Fahrenheit for 8 hours per day, an estimated energy cost saving of $56.70 per month is achieved. The calculation is as follows: • 2,000 sq. ft. home cooling usage = 900 kWh per month *2 / 45 kWh per square foot. • Reduction of 10 degrees Fahrenheit for 8 hours per day = 10% energy savings. *3 • Savings per month: 90 kWh x 0.63 per kWh *4 = $56.70 • Annual savings: $56.70 x 6 months = $340.20 If we assume 65 homes (50% of the 130 homes that line the east side of Danville Boulevard in Alamo) reap these savings along the east side of Danville Boulevard, we are saving a community wide $22,1 13.00 in electricity costs while also dramatically lowering our community and global carbon footprint. The U.S. Department of Energy states that each tree can save approximately $65.00 in energy costs annually.*5 * See page 33 for References 1500A a e s dOp r0 2 21J0 Energy Consumption by Home u Kern kWh W'oihou1 Tre0 VOsh Nees 350 LSO 100 50 Cooling Saving Over Time 20 IA 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 7,5 Nears Alter P1 ilsnp 1.0 CASE STUDY COMPARISON Neighborhood A: Extensive Tree Canopy' • 30% more tree coverage than average residential areas. • Reduced summer temperatures by up to 10°F. • Annual energy savings of approximately $350 per household Neitihherhood B: Miriimh! Tree Canopy • Higher average temperatures. • Increased reliance on air conditioning, leading to higher electricity bills. • Greater urban heat island effect, exacerbating climate -related challenges 4.5 5.0 Danville Boulevard Valley Oaks, several hundred years old. Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates CALL TO ACTION Strategically planting trees for shading can significantly reduce residential cooling costs and improve energy efficiency. This study highlights the financial benefits of urban tree canopies and supports broader initiatives for sustainable urban planning Additionally, beyond cost savings, urban greenery improves air quality, reduces noise pollution, and enhances overall community well-being. To maximize these benefits, city planners, policymakers, and homeowners should prioritize tree planting and preservation initiatives. Programs that encourage urban forestry can lead to long-term financial and environmental gains. 21 Water Savings with Shading from Tree Canopy 1 INTRO ater conservation is a crucial aspect of sustainable landscaping, especially in regions where water costs and availability fluctuate. This report evaluates the water savings achieved by implementing tree shading over a typical residential lot. By comparing water consumption under full sun and tree -shaded conditions, homeowners can better understand the financial and environmental benefits of incorporating tree cover into their landscape design. The following calculations outline potential savings for both turf and shrub covered areas, demonstrating the impact of reduced irrigation needs due to shading. Calculating Water Savings for Tree Shading an Entire Lot Typical Danville Boulevard Lot Details • Lot Size: 1 /2 Acre = 21,780 sq. ft. • Average Home Footprint: 2,000 sq. ft. • Driveway (10%): 2,178 sq. ft. • Hardscape/Pool (10%): 2,178 sq. ft. • Total Non -Irrigated Area (30%): 6,356 sq. ft. • Total Irrigated Area (70%): 15,246 sq. ft. o Turf Area (33%): 5,032 sq. ft. o Shrub & Ground Cover Area (67%): 10,214 sq. ft. tinter Cnncumption tor Turt Area Full Sun Conditions • 15' Radius Pop -Up Heads @ 0.9 GPM Each • Lawn Size: 50' x 100' - 30 Heads • Total Water Usage: 30 Heads x 0.9 GPM = 27 GPM • Watering Schedule: 15 min per cycle, every other day o 27 GPM x 15 min = 405 gallons per cycle o 405 gallons x 15 days = 6,075 gallons per month o 6,075 gallons ± 748 gallons/unit = 8.12 units o 8.12 units x $8.54 per unit* = $69.35 per month Photo Courtsery of Adobe Image Stock Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates Shaded Conditions Full Sun Conditions • Watering Schedule: 15 min per cycle, every third day o 405 gallons x 10 days = 4,050 gallons per month o 4,050 gallons - 748 gallons/unit = 5.41 units o 5.41 units x $8.54 per unit* = $46.23 per month • Monthly Savings: $69.35 - $46.23 = $23.11 • Annual Savings: $277.32 Water onsumpnnon for Shrub & Ground Cover Area Full Sun Conditions • 15' Radius Pop -Up Heads @ 0.9 GPM Each • Shrub Area: 100' x 100' - 75 Heads • Total Water Usage: 75 Heads x 0.9 GPM = 67.5 GPM • Watering Schedule: 7 min per cycle, every other day o 67.5 GPM x 7 min x 15 days = 7,088 gallons per month o 7,088 gallons _ 748 gallons/unit = 9.47 units o 9.47 units x $8.54* per unit = $80.87 per month Tree Shaded Conditions • Watering Schedule: 7 min per cycle, every fourth day o 67.5 GPM x 7 min x 7.5 days = 3,544 gallons per month o 3,544 gallons - 748 gallons/unit = 4.74 units o 4.74 units x $8.54* per unit = $40.47 per month • Monthly Savings: $80.87 - $40.47 = $40.40 • Annual Savings: $484.80 Total Water Savings for Entire Lot Area Monthly Savings ($) * Annual Savings ($)* S277.32 5484.80 $63.51 $762.12 Turf Area $23.11 Shrub & Ground Cover $40,417 Total Savings * Assumes mature treesv on site. 22 23 Results of the Danville Boulevard Tree Study 1 $25^ Following the Town Council's acceptance of the Danville Boulevard Tree Survey and Study. A total of $250,000 was allocated on January 7, 2025 for a town -wide tree planting initiative. Sixty percent of these funds were dedicated exclusively to enhancing the tree canopy along Danville Boulevard, including three years of watering and maintenance to ensure the trees' longevity. KEY OUTCOMES: • Improved Tree Maintenance & Monitoring The County Public Works Department now actively uses the survey and study to maintain and monitor existing trees along Danville Boulevard more accurately. Private maintenance companies have also received copies, leading to more precise tree care. • Reduced Tree Removals Since the survey and study were published on local websites and in the town newspaper, community awareness has significantly increased, effectively halting unauthorized tree removals. • Prevention of Right -of -Way Violations With County Public Works staff now well-informed and the public more aware, illegal right-of-way intrusions have abated. • Regional Impact & Awareness Expansion Recognizing the study's value, four neighboring cities along Danville Boulevard have received copies to guide their own urban canopy preservation efforts. This initiative not only enhances the local environment but also sets a precedent for other communities seeking to protect and expand their urban forests. 24 Results of the Danville Boulevard Tree Study 1 These key outcomes from the Danville Boulevard Tree Study have a meaningful impact on the local community in several ways: • Enhanced Environmental & Aesthetic Benefits 1. Increased Tree Canopy: More trees mean more shade, improved air quality, and a greener, more visually appealing neighborhood. 2. Urban Cooling: Additional trees help lower temperatures, making Danville Boulevard more comfortable for pedestrians and reducing the heat island effect. 3. Stormwater Management: Trees absorb rainwater, reducing runoff and the risk of flooding. • Reduced Tree Removals 1. Stronger Community Involvement: By publishing the study and increasing awareness, residents are now more engaged in protecting their local environment. 2. Preserved Neighborhood Identity: With fewer unauthorized tree removals, the boulevard retains its signature tree -lined character, maintaining property values and neighborhood appeal. 3. Educational Value: The study serves as a model for residents and local organizations on the importance of urban tree conservation. • Increased Public Safety & Compliance 1. Safer Roads & Walkways: Properly maintained trees reduce the risk of falling branches, ensuring safer streets for pedestrians, cyclists, and drivers. 2. Prevention of Right -of -Way Violations: Stopping unauthorized intrusions helps maintain pedestrian pathways and reduces potential safety hazards. • Long -Term Economic & Policy Benefits 1. More Efficient Tree Maintenance: Public Works staff and private contractors can now work more effectively, reducing unnecessary costs. 2. Influence on Regional Policies: By sharing the study with neighboring cities, Danville Boulevard serves as a model for tree preservation efforts, potentially influencing broader urban forestry policies. 1 A. Tree Planting & Preservation Prioritize native species like Coast Live Oaks and Redwoods, which support more wildlife. Community tree -planting programs to increase canopy cover and replace lost trees. Stregthen tree protection ordinances to prevent unnecessary tree removals. B. Pollinator & Wildlife Corridors Plant native flowering plants in residential and public spaces to support pollinators. Wildlife -friendly landscaping to connect tree cover and improve habitat continuity. C. Water Conservation & Soil Health Mulching programs to protect tree roots and conserve moisture. Rainwater collection systems to reduce runoff and support tree irrigation. Avoiding excessive pesticide use, which harms beneficial insects. D. Community Engagement & Education Educational workshops on tree benefits, pruning, and care. Citizen involvement projects for tree health monitoring and future enhancement. School programs to encourage youth participation in tree conservation and awareness. Photo Courtsery of Adobe Image Stock 1 The recent tree survey and inventory have revealed numerous opportunities to enhance the treescape corridor in Alamo. While many potential planting sites were identified, only the most suitable locations have been prioritized for immediate action. On January 7, 2025, the Alamo Municipal Advisory Council unanimously approved a budget allocation of $250,000 for tree planting initiatives across the community. Of this amount, over $100,000 has been designated specifically for enhancing the tree canopy along Danville Boulevard. Additionally, a portion of the funds will be dedicated to the ongoing maintenance of the newly planted trees, ensuring their long-term health and sustainability. The follows pages are prototypical conditions along Danville Boulevard that lend themselves to prime planting opportunities. Typical Tree Planting Opportunities. Photos Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates 27 Typical Danville Boulevard Tree Planting Opportunities 1 Opportunity #2 3 - Quercus agrifolia -anville , �0 '• • • •s ■ i ••1*11 ■.1...6s*�'Z "s* Boulevard ■ Opportunity #3 2 - Quercus agrifolia Remove asphalt Opportunity #1 3 - Lagerstroemia Photos Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates #1: Open space area conducive to new tree planintg. #2: Illegal parking area to be removed and planted. #3: Paving instrusion now to be removed and replanted. 28 Typical Danville Boulevard Tree Planting Opportunities .11111§11..11 • • '1.t: • IF* a S • I -"ME - I. I NI • ..-.-3/05.400 Danville 0 Arit ti AZ lA .1 IL, ity pportuniry #6 OuerLuilbilredia mail liva% Bourevar 1- ° Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates #6: Tree planting & shade opportunity 29 Typical Danville Boulevard Tree Planting Opportunities #7: Vacant space: opportunity for tree planting. Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates 30 Typical Danville Boulevard Tree Planting Opportunities Boulevard • • ` * Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates #1 1: Accent trees to be planted 31 Tree Index N.-vf N11q h. -.-x^-00000.-.-.7— 6.0 a ^N at'9 VII,N a7P 0,4341 .-� M[9C9NC0 00�MO. �OM2MN N N A JJJ F F N O N P - N '0 CO N .- V N M.- N'0 N N CO ^ V CO i�M N NN N N n W N M — co �' Zil N N '- '- '- co N 0rd,', —' — '0 — P N •0 .- N m V M— N N N N N .- V h N '0 N - - CO .- ,0 N ! CO N V N -0 - N M M N V h N h N '- n co ' N 'O 0 co N, co — co N .- N O , N O N CO -- V V SN N V V Y1 P '0 '0 N CO. co 2 V M CO h N - W N V N '0 - M h N h N 2 - - - V N N co .— co N V N N 2 h 0 CO N N .- 1 - OD N - : n V P N h CO N '0 P 2 M 0 M 0 M v) P - V) — V P ' m 1 BOX ELDER JAPANESE MAPLE TREE OF HEAVEN PERSIAN SILK TREE ALDER TREE STRAWBERRY TREE INCENSE CEDAR DEODAR CEDAR RED GUM BLUE GUM RED IRONBARK ASH TREE SWEET SHADE BLACK WALNUT ENGLISH WALNUT JUNIPER CREPE -MYRTLE GRECIAN LAUREL GLOSSY PRIVET SWEETGUM OLIVE TREE CANARY ISLAND DATE PALM RED TIP PHOTINIA CANARY ISLAND PINE MONTEREY PINE CHINESE PISTACHE PURPLE -LEAF PLUM TREE HOLLYLEAF CHERRY CATALINA CHERRY PEAR TRE BRADFORD PEAR EVERGREEN PEAR TREE HOLLY OAK VALLEY OAK BLACK LOCUST LOCUST TREE QUEEN PALM AMERICAN ELM CHINESE ELM ELM TREE CALIFORNIA BAY CALIFORNIA FAN PALM N W V 0. N ACER NEGUNDO ACER PALMATUM AILANTHUS ALTISSIMA ALBIZIA JULIBRISSIN ALNUS SPP. ARBUTUS UNEDO CALOCEDRUS DECURRENS CEDRUS DEODARA EUCAKLPTUS CAMALDULENSIS EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS EUCALYPTUS SIDEROXYLON FRAXINUS SPP. HYMENOSPORUM FLAVUM JUNGLANS NIGRA JUNGLANS REGIA JUNIPERUS SPP. LAGERSTROEMIA INDICA LAURUS NOBILIS LIGUSTRUM LUCIDUM LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA OLEA EUROPAEA PHOENIX CANARIENSIS PHOTINIA X FRASERI PINUS CANARIENSIS PINUS RADIATA PISTACIA CHINENSIS PRUNUS CERASIFERA PRUNUS ILICIFOLIA PRUNUS 'LYONII' PRUNUS SPP. PYRUS CALLERYANA PYRUS KAWAKAMII QUERCUS ILEX QUERCUS LOBATA ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA ROBINIA SPP. SYAGRUS ROMANZOFFIANA ULMUS AMERICANA ULMUS PARVIFOLIA ULMUS SPP. UMBELLULARIA CALFORNIA WASHINGTON FILIFERA 32 1. Bird Study of Contra Costa County: Performed in December 14, 2024 by the Mount Diablo Bird Alliance for the National Audubon Society. Survey of 65 volunteers for 3 days noted approximately 160 species. A 25 year average notes 149 species. 2. Mammals (21): Black Tailed Deer, Bats, Bob Cat, Mountain Lion (Cougar), Coyote, Wild Boar, Raccoon, Striped Skunk, Brush Rabbit, Desert Cottontails, Opossum, Badgers, Beavers, American Mink, Gray Fox, Squirrel, Field Mice, Gopher, Mole, Vole, Ground Squirrel. Mammal Species Source: Lindsey Wildlife Museum, Walnut Creek, California. 3. Al Search on Google: "How much Carbon dioxide is captured by an average Oak tree each day?". 50,000/kilograms per year. Translated into liters = 550. 550 liters x 1,136 trees = (22 kilograms or 50,000 liters/year per tree.) "How much Carbon dioxide is given off by an average person each day?". Al Google Search. Answer: According to most estimates, an average person exhales about 500 liters of Carbon dioxide per day." CO2 exhaled/per person = 550 liters/day. CO2 captured/tree = 30 liters captured/day/tree. 30 liters/tree x 1,136 trees = 34,080 liters/day. 34,080 liters captured / 550 liters/day/person = 62 people's CO2 captured per day by Danville Boulevard treescape. One mature Beech Tree 80' tall and 50' in diameter absorbs 600 kg of Carbon. This is equal to the amount of Carbon dioxide produced by approximately 800 homes per year or cleansing the air of two homes per day of Carbon dioxide. Aloys Bernasky, "Climatic Influences of Greens and City Planning" Anthos no 1, 1966, Page 23. Aloys Ber nasky, "The Performance and Value of Trees" Anthos no 1, 1969, Page 125. 4. Average Tree* produces 274 /liters of 02 a day x 1,136 trees = 31 1,264/liters per day in total for the Danville Boulevard treescape. A human uses approximately 550/liters of oxygen per day. We have increased the number up for people that exercise and for trees that may not produce as much as our equation attempts to solve. We conservatively approximate an average person utilizes 800/liters of oxygen per day, per person. 31 1,264 _ 800 = 389 people supported with the oxygen produced solely by the trees located along Danville Boulevard. Population of Alamo (2022 U.S. Census =14,355). 389 - 14,355 =.027 x 100 = 2.7 % of Alamo's population served. *www.onetreepla nted.org 5. Apple Maps Inquiry / Analysis. Business quantities calculated with a visual survey by Authors on 2-1-2025. 6. Electricity Kilowatt Rates from PG&E as of 2-1-25 = .57t per Kilowatt hour (c/kWh). Gas Rates per therm from PG&E as of 2-1-25 =.991. 7. EBMUD water rates and tiers as of 2-1-25. 0 tol5 units = $5.41/unit; 16 to 34 Units = $7.44/unit; 35 units plus = $9.83 Each unit is 743 Gallons. Does not take into account additional charge to Danville Boulevard for EBMUD Elevation Charge of $1.10 per unit. 8. Google Al Search ("How much carbon dioxide is captured by mature tree each day in liters?") Better Homes & Gardens. (2024, September 11). 6 surprising benefits of planting trees. Retrieved from https://www.bhg.com/benefits-of- planting-trees-8656809 9. Google Al Search (" How much carbon dioxide is exhaled by a person each day in liters?") Carbon dioxide. (2025, February 25). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide 10. Google Al Search ("Do trees capture roadway pollutants?") Urban forest. (2025, February 25). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_forest 1 1 . Plants, People and Environmental Quality, Gary Robinette, Published U.S. Department of the Interior, Nation Park Service, 1972. Wind Velocity Reduction, Pages 77, 78. Al Google Search. 12. The Historic Tales of Alamo, Beverly Lane and Sharon Burke, History Press, 2021. Pages 95 - 103. 13. Sabrosky, C.W. 1952. How many insects are there? In insects: The Yearbook of Agriculture. U.S. Dept. of Agr., Washington, D.C. The preceding facts, sources and practical anecdotes illustrate the complex and symbiotic balance the trees along Danville Boulevard hold for hundreds of interrelated species, including ourselves. *Publication date of this report: March 1, 2025. 33 REFERENCES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS *1. Akbari, H., D. Kurn, et al. 1997. Peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees. Energy and Buildings 25:139-148. *2. Huang, J., H. Akbari, and H. Taha. 1990.The Wind -Shielding and Shading Effects of Trees on Residential Heating and Cooling Requirements. ASHRAE Winter Meeting, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air -Conditioning Engineers. Atlanta, Georgia. *3. Kurn, D., S. Bretz, B. Huang, and H. Akbari.1994. The Potential for Reducing Urban Air Temperatures and Energy Consumption through Vegetative Cooling (PDE) (31 pp, 1.76MB). ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings. American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy. Pacific Grove, California. *3. According to the Department of Energy, lowering your thermostat by 7-10 degrees Fahrenheit for 8 hours a day can save you around 10% of your typical monthly usage. The inside temperature of a home may be lowered 7-10%. An un -shaded surface may be 20-25 degrees hotter than the same surface that is shaded by a tree (depending on the material). *4. Taken from PGE.com on February 2, 2025. Prices as of that date: Time of Use; Off Peak Hours = $0.57 to Peak Hours = $ 0.63 during the summer months. Time of Use; Off Peak Hours = $0.44 to Peak Hours = $0.48 per kWh during the winter months. *5. Department of Energy, January 2017, Heat Island Effect. Original Source Study: McPherson, E. G., J.R. Simpson, P.J. Peper, S.E. Maco and Q. Xiao, 2005 Municipal Forest Benefits and Costs in Five U.S. Cities (PDF) (6 pp. 267k), Journal of Forestry 103(8): pages 411-416. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES 1. ERWIN. T.L. 1983. Tropical forest canopies: the last biotic frontier. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 29: 14- 19. 2. Janzen, D. 1976. Why are there so many species of insects? Proceedings of XV International Congress of Enotomology, 1976: 8494. 3. May, R.M. 1988. How many species are there on earth? Science, Volume 241: 441-1449. 4. Pearse, A.S. 1946. Obervations on the Microfauna of the Duke Forest. Ecological monographs, Volume 16: 127-150. 34 • „ft Psi AbM S°SNdlb is EL PORTAL TO SAINT ALPHONSUS WAY AVM OWV1V co - ALAMO WAY TO RUDGEAR ROAD 35 Tree Survey Sheets L- 1 z w 1- 0 Z P K. w k- AN LCAL NRME Z x $ 411 4 E2 8 8 0 7 EC x a x a c re ▪ a re ce Ei 0 0 O = C4,0400,0' S s f S F ill 01 41 N1 • V r V. i f i f W 4] 44 4' ▪ V ' xxix INN 000105 = 2 rvac.1 M %kJ VI 5555, 5 08586 �1 ti 01 u1 N u74 2 ui YJ1e. .4 W .4 10 -i� O. 4,4 • '4 A. 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ROBERT MOWAT ASSOCIATES L ti1Q5PE ARcHrrEtTLFl LAND PLANKING Robert Mowat, ASLA RObert Mowat ASLA is a licensed and practicing landscape architect for 40 years leading the award winning design firm of Robert Mowat Associates. Robert Mowat Associates has been the lead design firm directing consultant teams on highly successful residential home communities and commercial projects throughout the nation. The firm's expertise is focused on multi -family communities, public works projects, parks and estate residential design. Robert graduated with degrees in both Landscape Architecture and Ornamental Horticulture from California State Polytechnic University in San Luis Obispo. He is an active member in both the land planning and landscape architectural fields while also serving as University guest lecturer and critic. He is an advisor to the California State Licensing Board and has served on several Water Conservation Boards. Robert was a municipal Historic Preservation Commissioner in South San Francisco for 8 years and is currently an Alamo Municipal Advisory Council member for 4 years. He served as an architectural exam grader for the national C.L.A.R.B. landscape architectural test. He has been involved in charity fund raising for several communities and been actively involved in the past as an elected HOA Board member. Robert and his family have been residents of Danville and Alamo for 30 years. Xiaohui Kaye Yan, LEED GA As a landscape designer at Robert Mowat Associates, she is deeply committed to creating outdoor spaces that not only serve human needs but also foster biodiversity, ecological balance, and sustainability. She believes landscapes are more than just aesthetic spaces; they are living ecosystems that connect people, wildlife, and the environment. Kaye holds a Bachelor of Arts (2017) and a Master of Arts (2018) in Landscape Architecture from the Academy of Art University, followed by an MBA from William Jessup University (2021). This unique combination of design and business expertise allows her to approach projects with both artistic vision and practical strategy. Growing up in Shanghai, Kaye developed a deep appreciation for green spaces in urban environments, shaping her design philosophy of balancing aesthetics with ecological health. Since joining Robert Mowat Associates in 2019, she has worked on a variety of projects, focusing on sustainability and ecological restoration. As a LEED Green Associate, Kaye is dedicated to climate -responsive design and ecological restoration. She prioritizes native plantings, water conservation, and wildlife -friendly elements, aiming to create landscapes that are both beautiful and sustainable. Through her work, Kaye contributes to a greener, more harmonious future, where cities and nature thrive together. ALAMO'S DANVILLE BOULEVARD A MODEL FOR COMMUNITY STEWARDSHIP Protecting What Makes Alamo Special Danville Boulevard, with its canopy of historic trees, is part of what makes Alamo's identity. Once a Native American trail and later a highway, it is now a peaceful tree lined road. But over time, these trees faced real threats from removal, disease, and neglect. Taking Action When a local landscape architecture firm offered to help, they did more than just count trees. Their survey and study documents sparked a movement. It showed how much these trees do for the community, from cooling homes and cleaning the air to supporting birds and other wildlife. More Than a Survey The survey and subsequent study document helped people see the intrinsic value of the trees. It showed how losing the tree canopy affects everything, from neighborhood identity, wildlife habitat along with soil, water and air quality. The findings got people involved and inspired others to protect what they had. Real Results The study led to stronger protections for the trees and raised awareness within the region. Other towns took notice. What began in Alamo became a model possibility for how other communities can protect shared green spaces. It catalyzed Alamo's local governing body ( The Alamo MAC to devote money and resources for both it's protection and enhancement. A Model for the Future Alamo's Danville Boulevard shows what is possible when a community works together. It is a notable example of local involvement making a lasting difference. Iconic Danville Boulevard Photo Courtsery of Robert Mowat Associates Spring In Motion Danville Blvd Spring Drivel -1m - Danville sauleward Experience the beauty of spring with a tranquil drive along Danville Boulevard. This visually stunning video captures the seasonal charm and vibrant blossoms that line one of the East Bay's most picturesque roads. Whether you're a local, a nature enthusiast, or simply in need of a peaceful break, this scenic journey under blooming trees offers the perfect escape. Hit play and unwind. Watch Now https://youtu.be/-pZCoCgcrE8 #DanvilleBoulevard #SpringDrive #TreeStudy #NatureDrive #CaliforniaSpring #ScenicDrive #UrbanNature #DriveThruViews #EastBayBeauty #PeacefulDrive #SpringVibes #RelaxingVideo #BloomSeason City limits between Alamo & Walnut Creek Context: No accurate. data on Alamo's iconic trek canopy along the 3.5 miles - of Danville Boulevard. Soluti il: Create survey , for accurate data and future �` management of tree canopy.." --lir.- 0 _ r Gett ' CIS inform officials, staff and residents of shared community resource. Inspire awarness of the local and global impacts of the tree canopy. , oh. lik 486, v. 4,154Ark�,,, ' -vi; SUrVay • Fieldwork to observe and document existing conditions • Focus on streetscape, tree canopy, and public uses along Dade le Boulev • Community engagement and relationship to canopy • Actions and proposals influenced by data insights Public embracing of the community resource • Collaborative in depth of analysis of collected data • Investigation to identify canopy values and key attributes for public benefit 3.5 Miles _ I total length of Danvi le Boulevard extends from, the city limits of Dan- ville and Alamcdo the city limits of Alarno and Walnut Creek. :*11. 1,163 Mature Trees along Danville Boulevard iipt 973,730 Sq,Ft. total area of tree canopy cover _ along Danville Boulevard` • • • • 111 • • • • 1850s • European Settlement & Agriculture Local Native American tribes establish semi - 1 1700s Native Indian communities Horse/walking route Local Native American tribes establish semi-permanent communities along San Ramon Creek, benefiting from natural shade and water sources. 1_ t391s Railroad Development 1920s Planting Program Mid- OOs ansio Continued urbanization and road expansion lead o informal •.ditions of tre&sties along the boulevard. ing outdated 40 -year- ' into maintenance identifications The Alamo Municipal Advis recognizes the importance of the ee ca initiates an in-depth study. . - Community survey results show that trees are the # e of Alamo's identity and character. ection. ' Mappin ory is con n. -• • s ..� e •r:, documenting tree species, health, and environmental impatt" Findings highlight the benefits of trees in proving air quality, providing rtd-enhancing property values. re e. he stu• preserv•t erves a a model for urban tree ion in other regional cities. rtter' of Alamo Today News, Adobe Image Stock, San Ramon Valley Museum & Historical Marker Database Alamo, California 14,335 1,163 Population Trees Of 2022 u.S. Census Along Danville Boulevard 161 Species of bird 183 133 Homes 16 Species of mammals 9 3 Businese Office buildings Churches 33% 376 FALL COLOR TREES OF TOTAL 1163 TREES 172 Evergreen Trees Coniferious Trees Deciduous Trees 11/0 126 SPRING COLOR TREES OF TOTAL 1136 TREES 25% Ornamental Trees 64% 8 a/o Fruit Trees 697 Shade Trees CA. Native Trees © Pioneer Trees - American Elms 20 Riparian Trees 1920's American Elm O Production 1 163 Trees produce 311,264 Liters / Day Support -389 People (2.7% of Alamo's Population) Ginko Tree Sequestration 1 163 Trees captured 34,080 Liters / Day Support -62 People California Redwood 1 1,163 Trees Support Shelter & Nesting (Birds) Estimated Total Birds Supported -3,000 - 5,000 individual birds nesting or roosting annually Red Maple Tree (MammaOV Estimated Total Mammals Supported -3,500 - 7,000 mammals using trees for shelter. OFFICE BUILDING CONDOMINIUMS SINGLE FAMILY HOUSE COMMUNITY BUILDING Estimated Total Insects."' Supported m-430 pollinators decomposers Deer & Large Herbivores Estimated Total Large Herbivores Supported 100 - 200 deers annually ,, 1,163 Trees Support Food & Resources Symbiosis Amongst Canopy and Land Uses DANVILLE BOULEVARD NMI ROBERT MO 'AT ASSOCIATES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE LAND PLANNING 1501 N Broadway, Suite 400 Walnut Creek CA 94596 Website: www.RMAlandscape.com Tel: (925) 705 - 7424 © Copyright 2025 Robert Mowat Assocaites