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Review and Comment on
Draft Fiber Optic Master Plan 1 December 14, 2021
STUDY SESSION MEMORANDUM 4.2
TO: Mayor and Town Council December 14, 2021
SUBJECT: Review and Comment on Draft Fiber Optic Communications Network
Master Plan as part of Fiber Optic Cable Interconnect Project, CIP A-620
BACKGROUND
The Capital Improvement Program includes the Fiber Optic Cable Interconnect, CIP A-
620 (Attachment A). The project consists of the planning, design, and installation of fiber
optic cable to provide improved interconnected communications to the Town’s public
buildings and traffic signal network. As a first step in the planning process, a fiber optic
master plan is required to evaluate existing conditions and infrastructure, analyze needs,
evaluate design options and implementation strategies, and to define a preliminary scope
of work with associated costs.
What is fiber optic communications and why is it needed?
Fiber optic technology uses pulses of light to carry data along strands of glass or plastic.
Fiber optics can transfer more data at higher throughput over longer distances than
copper wire. Fiber optical communications has become the medium of choice for nearly
all types of agencies and carriers. Through years of consistent reliability, fiber optics have
become the predominant technology for Ethernet backbone infrastructure, high-speed
internet services, and general data networking and communications. The advantages of
a fiber optic communications network are summarized as follows:
Provides required bandwidth to handle all types of communication mediums
Provides high-quality communication transmission over long distances
Improves security
Resistant to electromagnetic interference
Reliable and flexible
“Future-proofs” network capacity to better-accommodate new technologies and
equipment
Installation can be cost effective through utilization of existing traffic signal
conduit infrastructure
Currently, the Town’s communication infrastructure is primarily transmitted via copper
wiring. With the need for faster, more reliable bandwidth to the Town’s public buildings
and traffic signals, the implementation of a fiber optic communications network would
Review and Comment on
Draft Fiber Optic Master Plan 2 December 14, 2021
provide the necessary broadband improvements and capability to keep pace with
existing and emerging technologies in both the Information Technology and
Transportation disciplines. Further, it would position the Town to better-align and adapt
to emerging “Smart City” initiatives.
SUMMARY
In spring 2021, the Town retained the services of Advanced Mobility Group
(“Consultant”) to assist the Town with the preparation of the Town of Danville Fiber
Optic Communications Network Master Plan (“Draft Master Plan”). Throughout the
summer and fall of 2021, Town staff worked with the Consultant to review existing
infrastructure; develop options for design and implementation strategies; identify
current and future communication needs for the Town’s traffic signal network, public
buildings, and Information Technology media; and to develop a high-level work scope
and preliminary cost estimates for the implementation of a townwide fiber optic
communications network.
The Draft Master Plan (Attachment B), developed with input and oversight from the
Town’s Information Technology and Transportation Divisions, is organized as follows:
• Introduction & Background
• Vision, Goals & Objectives
• Needs Assessment
• Review of Existing Communications Infrastructure
• Fiber Optic Topology (i.e., “how it will work”)
• Proposed Fiber Optic Network (interim and long-range strategies)
• Project Costs (two scenarios)
The Draft Master Plan primarily addresses a strategy for implementing a fiber optic cable
backbone network that would serve six of the Town’s public buildings and all 60 of its
traffic signals, summarized in Table 1:
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Draft Fiber Optic Master Plan 3 December 14, 2021
Table 1: Summary of Facilities and Infrastructure Requirements for Fiber Optic Implementation
Facility Location Needs Assessment/Scope of Work
Traffic Signal Network
(60 traffic signals)
Townwide 1. Backfill existing traffic signal
interconnect conduit replacing
existing twisted-pair copper wire
with 48 or 144-strand trunk line
fiber optic cable.
Town Offices 500 La Gonda Way 1. Install new 3” conduit from
nearest traffic signal cabinet to
building.
2. Install concrete pull boxes where
required.
3. Install 12-strand fiber optic cable
in new 3” conduit from traffic
signal to building.
4. Install necessary communications
hardware in signal cabinet and
Town building to land fiber optic
cable.
Town Meeting Hall/
Village Theatre
201/233 Front Street
Danville Community
Center & Library
420/400 Front Street
Town Maintenance
Service Center
1000 Sherburne Hills
Road
Oak Hill Park
Community Center
3005 Stone Valley
Road
Interim and Long-range Strategies
In addition to providing fiber optic communications to the facilities described in Table
1 (the “interim” strategy), the Draft Master Plan also describes a long-range
implementation strategy that would provide back-up infrastructure through
installation of secondary fiber optic lines that would provide uninterrupted
communications in the event that the primary backbone network is damaged. This
secondary network is proposed to be implemented through various means such as
utilization of existing empty traffic signal interconnect conduits, installation of new
conduit, and/or utilization of other public or private agency conduit infrastructure
through shared-use agreements.
Cost Scenarios
The Draft Master Plan provides planning-level cost estimates based on two optional
approaches to project delivery. The most cost-effective scenario for implementing the
project would be a “design-build” package in which one team would work under a
single contract to design and build the project (Table 2).
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Draft Fiber Optic Master Plan 4 December 14, 2021
Table 2: Preliminary Cost Estimate Scenarios
Scenario Signalized
Intersections
Town
Buildings
Cost
Estimate
Scenario 1: Design-Build 60 6 $1,590,839
Scenario 2: Design-Bid-Build 60 6 $2,983,908
Next Steps
Upon review and comment by the Town Council, and, in conjunction with any additional
comments received from the public, it is recommended that the Final Fiber Optic
Communications Network Master Plan be presented to the Danville Town Council for
consideration of adoption at an upcoming regularly scheduled Town Council meeting in
winter 2022.
RECOMMENDATION
Review and comment on the Draft Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan,
CIP A-620.
Prepared by:
Andrew Dillard
Transportation Manager
Review by:
Tai Williams
Assistant Town Manager
Attachments: A – CIP Page A-620
B – Draft Townwide Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan
ATTACHMENT A
Town of Danville
Fiber Optic Communications
Network Master Plan
DRAFT FINAL
Prepared for:
Town of Danville
ATTACHMENT B
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | i
Table of Contents
1.Introduction & Background ........................................................................... 1
1.1. Plan Development Process ........................................................................... 2
1.2. Why Fiber Optics? ......................................................................................... 2
2.Vision, Goals, and Objectives ......................................................................... 5
2.1. Vision ............................................................................................................ 5
2.2. Goals and Objectives .................................................................................... 5
3.Needs Assessment ........................................................................................ 6
1.Information Technology (IT) ......................................................................... 6
2.Traffic Signal Infrastructure & Operations ..................................................... 6
3.Emergency & Preemption Services ............................................................... 7
3.1. Backbone for Future Smart City Solutions .................................................... 8
4.Existing Communications Infrastructure ......................................................... 9
5.Fiber Optic Topology ................................................................................... 11
6.Proposed Fiber Optic Communication Network .............................................. 15
6.1. Proposed Long Range Fiber Optics Communication Network .................... 15
6.2. Interim Fiber Optics Communication Network ............................................ 17
6.3. Interim Communications Network Upgrades .............................................. 19
6.4. Internet protocol (IP) Address Schematic Layout ........................................ 19
7.Project Costs .............................................................................................. 20
7.1. Preliminary Cost Estimates for Interim Fiber Optic Network ....................... 20
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | ii
Figures
Figure 1: Plan Development Process ....................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2: Components of Fiber Optic Cabling .......................................................................................... 3
Figure 3: Existing Communications Infrastructure ................................................................................. 10
Figure 4: Fiber Communication Network .............................................................................................. 14
Figure 5: Proposed Long Range Fiber Optic Network ............................................................................ 16
Figure 6: Proposed Interim Fiber Optic Network ................................................................................... 18
Tables
Table 1: Proposed Interim Fiber Network Ring Structure .......................................................................17
Table 2: Preliminary Cost Estimates ...................................................................................................... 20
Appendices
Appendix A - Internet Protocol (IP) Address Schematic Layout
Appendix B - Preliminary Cost Estimates for Interim Fiber Optic Network
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 1
1. Introduction & Background
The Town of Danville is in the process of upgrading its traffic signal system with state-of-the-art traffic
signal controllers and traffic management system software, with enhanced capabilities to benefit
residents and the traveling public. The management system and controllers are being improved to
accommodate the needs of emerging technologies such as adaptive, or “real-time” traffic signal control
and coordination, integration of connected and automated vehicles (CV/AV) technologies, and ability
to collect and interpret real-time traffic data that measure operational effectiveness at intersections
and provide optimization measures to improve traffic flow and safety. To achieve the full benefits of
the improved traffic signal system, the Town requires a robust and redundant (fail safe) fiber optic
communication network.
The principal purpose of the fiber optic network is to provide an efficient error free system to allow for
real time sharing of data between all Town facilities and traffic signals. Currently, the Danville Police
Department is not connected with the Fire Department and schools. The proposed fiber optic network
will support communication between the local police departments, fire, and emergency services.
Educational facilities, and libraries will also be connected for purposes of sharing data and information.
The capabilities of communication between all Town facilities and the infrastructure in the field will
provide a backbone for future Smart City solutions.
The first step to developing the Smart City infrastructure is to develop a fiber optic plan that will serve
as a roadmap for installing and connecting fiber optic cable to seven (7) of the Town’s public buildings
and 60 of the Town’s and Caltrans-owned signalized intersections. The fiber plan will include:
1. Inventory and assessment of current infrastructure.
2. System-level design including proposed routes, infrastructure, technical specifications, build
timing, associated costs, and schematic diagrams.
3. Preliminary cost Estimates to build the network based on the following two approaches:
• Design-Build approach
• Design-bid-Build approach
The Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan will serve as the Town’s tool to define the
essential components of the new fiber optic system and recommendations on how the town can take
full advantage of the fiber optic backbone to pave way for the Smart City infrastructure. Additionally,
the Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan would serve in better positioning the Town to
compete for funding opportunities for implementing a fiber optic system.
The Town of Danville has 60 signalized intersections interconnected throughout the Town, excluding
the Caltrans operated and maintained traffic signals (six intersections). The intersection of Stone Valley
Road/Green Valley Road is a planned future traffic signal which is included in the proposed fiber optic plan.
The intersections of Blackhawk Road/Blackhawk Plaza and Blackhawk Road/Silver Oak Lane-Maple Drive
are Contra Costa County operated traffic signals. The existing copper signal interconnect network used
for transportation communications in the Town has reached its limitations. The Town wants to expand
its communication infrastructure to connect to remote facilities throughout the Town and replace the
entire copper signal interconnect cables with a fiber optic backbone. The fiber optic network would
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 2
connect all the traffic signals to the Town’s Traffic Management Center (TMC) at Town’s Traffic
Management Center (TMC) located at the Town Offices building and connect the fiber to various Town
sites. The Town sites include Village Theatre/Town Meeting Hall (233/201 Front Street), Danville
Community Center and Library (420 Front Street), Oak Hill Park Community Center (3005 Stone Valley
Road), Town Service Center, (1000 Sherburne Hills Road), Veterans Memorial Building (400 Hartz
Avenue), and Town Offices (500 La Gonda Way).
1.1. PLAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
The Plan was developed primarily based on an assessment of the Town’s existing traffic signal
communications infrastructure. The development of the plan process started with the overall vision
followed by the needs and gaps in existing system, resulting in the development of proposed fiber
communication network to satisfy the needs and close the gaps. Figure 1 provides and illustrates of this
process.
Figure 1: Plan Development Process
1.2. WHY FIBER OPTICS?
As the name suggests, fiber optic technology uses pulses of light to carry data along strands of glass or
plastic. Fiber optics can transfer more data at higher throughput over longer distances than copper
wire. Fiber optical communications has become the communications medium of choice for nearly all
types of agencies and carriers. Over many years of consistent reliability, fiber optics have become the
predominant choice for Ethernet backbone infrastructure, high-speed internet services, and general
data networking.
This section presents a high-level description of what is “fiber optics” and why it is the preferred
communications medium of choice.
Assess Existing
Communications
Infrastructure
Analysis of
Commnication
Bandwidth
Needs &
Requirements
Identify Gaps in
the
Infrastructure
for Fiber
Communications
High Level Plan
for Fiber Routing
& Facility
Connections
Recommending
Deployment
Options
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 3
Traditional copper wires transmit electrical currents,
while fiber optic technology sends pulses of light
generated by a light emitting diode or laser along
optical fibers. Both mediums detect changes in energy
and encode data. Copper wires detect changes in the
electromagnetic field whereas with fiber optics, a
transmitter converts electronic information into pulses
of light. When the signal reaches the other end, an
optical receiver converts the light signal back into
electronic information. The throughput of the data is
determined by the frequency range that a cable will
carry — the higher the frequency range, the greater the
bandwidth and the more data that can be put through
per unit time. The key difference between copper
cabling and fiber optic cables is that fiber optic cables
have much higher bandwidths than copper cables. Optical fiber can carry much higher frequency
ranges while copper wire attenuates or loses signal strength at higher frequencies. Additionally, fiber
optic technology is far less susceptible to noise and electromagnetic interference than electricity along
a copper wire.
A fiber optic cable consists of several different components. These include the optical fiber strands
housed in a plastic buffer tube, water blocking binders, strength yarns, a ripcord, and an outer jacket
(refer to Figure 2).
1.2.1. Advantages of Fiber Optic Cables
Optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed
world, because of its advantages over electrical transmission. The main advantages of fiber optic
transmission are provided below:
1. Extremely High Bandwidth: No other cable-based data transmission medium offers the
bandwidth that fiber does. The volume of data that fiber optic cables transmit per unit time is
far greater than copper cables. Fiber cables rated at 10 Gbps (gigabits per second, or billions of
bits per second), 40 Gbps and even 100 Gbps are standard.
2. Longer Distance: In fiber optic transmission, optical cables can provide low power loss, which
allows signals to be transmitted to a longer distance than copper cables. Since light can travel
much longer distances down a fiber cable without losing its strength, it lessens the need for
signal boosters as is the case with other copper mediums.
3. Resistance to Electromagnetic Interference: In practical cable deployment, it is inevitable to
meet environments like power substations, heating, ventilating and other industrial sources of
interference. However, fiber has a very low rate of bit error (10 EXP-13), because of fiber being
so resistant to electromagnetic interference. Fiber optic transmission is virtually noise free.
Figure 2: Components of Fiber Optic Cabling
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4.Low Security Risk: The growth of the fiber optic communication market is mainly driven by
increasing awareness about data security concerns and use of the alternative raw material.
Data or signals are transmitted via light in fiber optic transmission. Therefore, there is no way
to detect the data being transmitted by "listening in" to the electromagnetic energy "leaking"
through the cable, which ensures the absolute security of information.
5.Small Size: Fiber optic cable has a very small diameter. For instance, the cable diameter of a
single OM3 multimode fiber is about 2mm, which is smaller than that of coaxial copper cable.
Small size saves more space in fiber optic transmission.
6.Light Weight: Fiber optic cables are made of glass or plastic, and they are thinner than copper
cables. These make them lighter and easy to install.
7.Easy to Accommodate Increasing Bandwidth: With the use of fiber optic cable, new
equipment can be added to existing cable infrastructure because optical cable can provide
vastly expanded capacity over the originally laid cable and WDM (wavelength division
multiplexing) technology, enables fiber cables the ability to accommodate more bandwidth.
8.Reliability & Flexibility: Fiber offers better tools for management and control of assets. The
tools are more precise and have more intelligence built in compared with other tools. There is
more reliability and flexibility with fiber due to its better range, bandwidth, and diagnostic
tools.
9.Installation: Fiber optic cables manufacturing has evolved such that fiber cable can now be
easily installed in outdoor underground infrastructure that were designed for copper cables.
1.2.2. Why Implement a Fiber Optic Network?
There are several key reasons to consider implementing a fiber optic network. The following are typical
reasons to consider fiber optics:
•New technologies/applications require the bandwidth and reliability of fiber.
•Existing communications infrastructure is outdated and not expandable.
•Replace existing leased connections – cost savings.
•Lease out dark fiber – revenue generator.
•Fiber offers better management and control of essential communications assets.
•Highly applicable to emerging industries - higher speeds than currently available from
ISPs (Comcast, etc.).
•Investment in Community - enterprise-ready network connections to attract
businesses.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 5
2. Vision, Goals, and Objectives
2.1. VISION
The Vision statement provides the framework for the Fiber Optic Communications Network Master
Plan and defines the long-range outlook for communications in the Town.
• Establish a plan to implement a comprehensive fiber optic system.
• Provide reliable and robust connectivity for Town facilities and designated areas.
• Provide a roadmap for implementation including options for funding and financing.
• Establish Danville as a Smart City.
• Welcoming business environment with next-generation technology and connectivity.
• Support deployment of future technologies.
2.2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
The primary goal for the Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan is to establish a framework
from which the Town can plan, design, and implement a comprehensive fiber optic network. This
network will be used by all Town agencies and departments and will carry the Town into the next
generation of communications technologies.
The primary objectives of the plan are to:
• Connect existing traffic signals within the Town to the TMC.
• Connect existing and future Town facilities and provide them with high-speed
communications.
• Help set priorities for projects to install the communications infrastructure based on
available funding.
• Connect designated areas within the Town to the high-speed communications network
to help with attracting businesses and development.
• Provide opportunities for revenue generation through leasing of the high-speed
communications network; and
• Reduce overall operating costs, particularly through reducing the need for leased line
connections.
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3. Needs Assessment
Based on AMG’s discussion with Town Staff, the needs for installing fiber optic network in the Town are
summarized below:
• Information Technology (IT)
• Traffic Signal Infrastructure & Operations
• Emergency & Preemption Services
• Backbone for Future Smart City Solutions
Smart City infrastructure will benefit residents and the traveling public as well as support the Town’s
services. The Town’s needs are summarized below.
1. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)
• Higher bandwidth and speed in order to manage the Town of Danville’s database and
transfer large amounts of data within and outside of Town Hall.
• Future need to keep up with the latest technology devices that could serve the Town
departments.
• Need for an interconnected, functional, stable, reliable, and fast fiber network that
could service all the recreational facilities throughout the Town especially within the
Downtown area. The current network does not have the bandwidth capacity to serve
the various Town sites including Village Theater (233 Front Street), Town Meeting Hall
(201 Front Street), Danville Community Center/Library (420 Front Street), Oak Hill Park
Community Building (3005 Stone Valley Road), Town Service Center (1000 Sherburne
Hills Road), Veterans Memorial Building (400 Hartz Avenue), and Town Offices (500 La
Gonda Way).
• Enhance the public Wi-fi network in the Downtown area to provide a more modern and
contemporary communication system that can better inform the public on all planned
activities.
• Provide a system that allows the IT Division staff to operate and manage the growing
communication needs of the Town.
• Provide seamless and standard communications across different Town departments for
IT staff to be able to operate and manage the data.
2. TRAFFIC SIGNAL INFRASTRUCTURE & OPERATIONS
• The Town requires a higher bandwidth capacity to continue to support traffic and
transportation operations and management within the Town. The Town of Danville has
about 62 signalized intersections interconnected throughout the Town. The existing
copper signal interconnect network used for transportation communications in the
Town has reached its limitations.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 7
• Add layers of video and real-time traffic data which require higher bandwidths.
• Eliminate latency issues experienced by the Town security systems, CCTV cameras, and
traffic infrastructure.
• Account for future technology equipment at traffic intersections such as autonomous
vehicle operations and communications.
• Higher bandwidth capacity to accommodate the increase in network traffic as new
technology and studies emerge.
• Improve public safety by increasing accessibility to existing traffic cameras.
• Exchange real-time information with the CCTA building data center to allow the Town
transportation department access to regional data.
• Support the transportation programs being developed and implemented by the Contra
Costa Transportation Authority (CCTA). In addition to the development of an
autonomous vehicle test facility, CCTA is moving forward with the development of
Intelligent Corridor Management systems.
3. EMERGENCY & PREEMPTION SERVICES
• Potential future connections to the San Ramon Valley Unified School District and San
Ramon Valley Fire Protection District within the Town would be beneficial during
emergency situations.
• Achieve a high security and tamper-proof network that can satisfy the increasing
bandwidth needs and support the continuous need for advanced technology of the
Danville Police Department.
• Increase the bandwidth capacity of the current wireless system to allow the Town and
Police Department to expand in three areas: vehicle video detection cameras, license
plate readers and surveillance cameras throughout the Town.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 8
3.1. BACKBONE FOR FUTURE SMART CITY SOLUTIONS
• Installation of the fiber optic communication network within the Town will act as the
backbone for introducing and developing Smart City Solutions within the Town of
Danville. A robust fiber optics communication network will connect operations,
infrastructure, and the community from top to bottom and cross-function with external
organizations and providers.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 9
4. Existing Communications Infrastructure
This section summarizes the Town of Danville’s existing traffic signal system and communication
infrastructure as well as locations that will benefit from fiber optics network communication system.
The Town's current traffic signal communications infrastructure consists of copper signal interconnect
cable linking all the Town’s existing 60 traffic signals, of which six (6) are owned and maintained by
Caltrans. The intersection of Stone Valley Road/Green Valley Road is a planned future signal which is
included in the proposed fiber optic plan. The intersections of Blackhawk Road/Blackhawk Plaza and
Blackhawk Road/Silver Oak Lane-Maple Drive are Contra Costa County operated traffic signals. The traffic
signal system is currently operated with two systems consisting of Type 170E and Econolite Cobalt
traffic signal controllers and QuicNet (McCain) and Centracs (Econolite) central system software.
Currently, Danville has no fiber optic communication along any of its corridors. Figure 3 illustrates the
Town’s traffic signal system.
The Town has approximately 15 miles of existing traffic signal interconnect conduit that is installed
along the Town’s major and minor arterial roads. The interconnect conduit ranges in size from 1.25 to 3
inches in diameter and is currently occupied by copper signal interconnect cable ranging in size from 6-
pair to 24-pair cable. The interconnect cable provides communications to the Town’s traffic signals
allowing remote access to traffic signal controller data, as well as providing synchronization for the
traffic signals to operate in coordination.
The existing communications network links all key corridors throughout the Town including Green
Valley Road, El Cerro Boulevard, Danville Boulevard, Diablo Road, San Ramon Valley Boulevard,
Sycamore Valley Road, Camino Ramon, Camino Tassajara and Crow Canyon Road.
The Town of Danville has identified a number of facilities that will benefit from connectivity over the
fiber optic network, in addition to connecting all the traffic signals to the Town’s TMC. These facilities
include, but are not limited to:
1. Village Theatre & Town Meeting Hall (233/201 Front Street)
2. Danville Community Center & Library (420 Front Street)
3. Oak Hill Park Community Center (3005 Stone Valley Road)
4. Maintenance Service Center (1000 Sherburne Hills Road)
5. Town Offices (510/500 La Gonda Way)
6. Veterans Memorial Building and Senior Center (400 Hartz Avenue)
Figure 3 illustrates the locations of the existing traffic signal and interconnect communications
network.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 10
Figure 3: Existing Communications Infrastructure
Group 1
Ring 1
Potential Future Fiber Ring 2
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Town Sites:
1. Town Oce/TMC/HUB (510 La Gonda Way)
2. Village Theatre/Meeting Hall (233/201 Front Street)
3. Town Library/Community Center (420 Front Street)
4. Oak Hills Park (3005 Stone Valley Road)
5. Maintenance Yard (1000 Sherburne Hills Road)
6. Town and Veteran’s Memorial Hall (400 Hartz Avenue)
Town of Danville
Proposed Interim Fiber Optics Communications Network
Figure 6
Legend:
Trac Signals
Town Sites
Signal Group 1
Ring 1 (144-Strand Fiber Cable)
Signal Group 2
Signal Group 3
Signal Group 4
Cable 1 - 48-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 2 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 3 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Signal Group 5
12-Strand Fiber Cable
TMC/HUB
1
6 2
3
4
7
61 57
53
52
51
5046454443
42
56 39 40 41 47 48 49
38 36 37
55
35
34
27 26 25 24 23 58 22
59
21
20
19
54
18
17
16
15 14
13
12
9
10
11
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 16029
28 62
30
31 32
33
Town of Danville
Existing Trac Signals System
Legend:
Caltrans Maintained Trac Signals
Interconnect System
Contra Costa County Maintained Trac Signals
Figure 3
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 11
5. Fiber Optic Topology
This section discusses strategies and fiber optic routing techniques that can be utilized to close the gaps
within the existing communications network, as well as install the proposed fiber optic network using
existing and new infrastructure to create a robust and redundant fiber optic network.
Proposing an optimal fiber optic network involves recommending the type of fiber, hardware and/or
other components to enhance the network for optimum capacity. Additionally, it is critical to add
redundancies to the fiber network based on the recommended Ring and Sub-Ring structure within the
fiber network. Other factors to consider are routes and locations of fiber infrastructure, equipment, and
points of connection.
There are several physical topologies that can be used to connect a fiber optic network system. These
include but are not limited to star (point-to-multipoint topology), ring topology, ring and star topology,
and clustered topology. They are briefly summarized below.
Star (Point-to-Multipoint) Topology
In the Star topology, there is a centralized Hub (or building) from which each circuit originates, with the
end of the circuit in each of the various remote locations. Just like a star, each circuit starts in the middle
and ends at the edge. This could be described as multiple Single Point-to-Point circuits, all originating
at the same point or location.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 12
Ring Topology
In a ring topology, each end, or node is connected to two other nodes physically, using different cables
in different pathways, creating a ring. This could physically be a rectangle, square, triangle, or any
physical shape based on the actual pathways or routes of the cables in the public right-of-way.
Ring topology is more reliable or failure resistant than Point-to-Point and Star topology because if one
node fails, or if any point of the cable is broken or compromised, the network hardware can, in micro-
seconds, re-route data around the failure point. The distinct disadvantage to ring topology networks is
the relatively expensive cost and added potential for difficult installation.
Ring and Star Topology
This physical topology is basically a hybrid of ring and point-to-point topologies. Depending on the size
and distance of the network, a ring is created with some number of hubs defined. These hubs are all
connected together to keep failure rate as low as possible. The various hubs on the ring then act as the
center of the star with multiple point-to-point circuits emanating and terminating at various remote
points. These individual remote terminations are subject to failure, so they are generally locations that
are non-critical and can accept occasional outages. The ring, on the other hand, keeps the hubs
communicating constantly and most of the network fault or failure free.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 13
Clustered Ring Topology
If a Point-to-Point circuit is critical and must be survivable in case of an accident or an outage along the
primary pathway, adding a geographically diverse pathway using the same cable for a return circuit
solves the problem. If a problem or breakage occurs on one of the cables, the circuit remains active
along the remaining path.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 14
A typical fiber construction results in 2-strand fiber daisy chaining through the intersections. Although,
this kind of splicing may be sufficient for the current data and bandwidth needs, it may not be sufficient
when multiple devices are added to the system, especially with the Connected and Autonomous
Vehicle needs in the near future. Moreover, if any of the two strands are damaged all signals daisy
chained on those 2-strands will lose communication. Figure 4 shows the various splicing techniques.
The daisy chain configuration can be expanded for future need by adding spare strands for data and if
needed additional dedicated strands for video. As aforementioned, simple daisy chain configuration
will result in communication loss for the entire system should any location fail. This can be avoided by
creating a physical ring structure within the fiber network as shown in “physical ring strands” diagram in
the figure below. In this setting, even if one cabinet fails, the other cabinets will continue operating and
communicating back to the TMC. This ring structure can be expanded by adding separate strands for
data and video or having dedicated video strands and for future expansion.
Figure 4: Fiber Communication Network
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 15
6. Proposed Fiber Optic Communication Network
6.1. PROPOSED LONG RANGE FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION NETWORK
In order to provide a robust and redundant fiber optic communication network for the Town of Danville,
it is recommended to have the communication backbone as shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5,
the proposed network will consist of three rings and five communication hubs. Ring 1 can be created
utilizing the existing signal interconnect conduit that this currently available and would require pulling
fiber optic cables through the existing conduits. The Ring 2 would require additional conduit to be
installed between Camino Tassajara/Diablo Road and Camino Tassajara/Sycamore Valley Road. Based
on our discussion with the City Staff, a portion of this conduit may already exist. Ring 3 can be formed in
collaboration with the City of San Ramon by leasing a couple of fiber stands from City of San Ramon’s
fiber optic network to complete the ring. Ring 3 will require a new fiber optic connection from Camino
Ramon/Greenbrook Drive in Danville to Camino Ramon/Fostoria Way in San Ramon. The City of San
Ramon’s fiber optic plan connects Camino Ramon/Fostoria Way to Crow Canyon Road/Camino Ramon.
The leased fiber optic connection from San Ramon will extend from this intersection to Crow Canyon
Road/Tassajara Ranch Drive. As shown in Figure 5, the orange line is leased line from San Ramon while
the yellow line is from Danville’s existing conduit. The five future communication hub locations are
recommended to be located at the intersections illustrated in Figure 5. The HUB locations would
require new cabinets, which will include fiber optic switches, fiber distribution units, and battery backup
systems.
The five future communication hub locations are listed below:
1. Camino Tassajara/Diablo Road
2. Hartz Avenue/Diablo Road
3. San Ramon Valley Boulevard/Sycamore Valley Road
4. Camino Tassajara/Sycamore Valley Road
5. Camino Tassajara/Crow Canyon Road/Blackhawk Road
Based on the Town of Danville’s existing communications network and future needs, the following
topologies are recommended:
1. Ring topology, where a ring formation is available with a single hub location at the TMC. The
intersections are connected through daisy chain with dedicated strands for data and video.
2. Clustered ring topology, where physical rings cannot be created without additional conduit
installation. Cluster ring is typically proposed where the same fiber tube is utilized, however, the
rings are formed using separate fiber strands. The strands are separated for data and video.
3. Point to point topology is proposed on side streets with Physical Ring Strands. This would provide
some level of ring structure and thus provide redundancy. The Physical Ring Strands will have
dedicated strands for video and data.
All ITS solutions and signal controllers within each defined topology will be brought back to the Town
Hall TMC.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 16
Figure 5: Proposed Long Range Fiber Optic Network
Group 1
Ring 1
Potential Future Fiber Ring 2
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Town Sites:
1. Town Oce/TMC/HUB (510 La Gonda Way)
2. Village Theatre/Meeting Hall (233/201 Front Street)
3. Town Library/Community Center (420 Front Street)
4. Oak Hills Park (3005 Stone Valley Road)
5. Maintenance Yard (1000 Sherburne Hills Road)
6. Town and Veteran’s Memorial Hall (400 Hartz Avenue)
Town of Danville
Proposed Interim Fiber Optics Communications Network
Figure 6
Legend:
Trac Signals
Town Sites
Signal Group 1
Ring 1 (144-Strand Fiber Cable)
Signal Group 2
Signal Group 3
Signal Group 4
Cable 1 - 48-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 2 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 3 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Signal Group 5
12-Strand Fiber Cable
TMC/HUB
1
6 2
3
4
7
61 57
53
52
51
5046454443
42
56 39 40 41 47 48 49
38 36 37
55
35
34
27 26 25 24 23 58 22
59
21
20
19
54
18
17
16
15 14
13
12
9
10
11
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 16029
28 62
30
31 32
33
Town of Danville
Existing Trac Signals System
Legend:
Caltrans Maintained Trac Signals
Interconnect System
Contra Costa County Maintained Trac Signals
Figure 3
TMC
Legend:
HUB Locations
Ring 1
Ring 2
Ring 3 (Leasing Conduit
from City of San Ramon)
Ring 3 (Town of Danville’s
Existing Conduit)Figure 5
Town of Danville
Proposed Long Range Fiber Optics Communication Network
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 17
6.2. INTERIM FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION NETWORK
The proposed network discussed above and illustrated in Figure 5 will be Danville’s long-term plan for a
robust and redundant fiber optic network. However, using the existing signal interconnect system, fiber
optic communication network can be built as shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 6, there would be
one ring and three cables connected to the TMC. The cables would accommodate one or more signal
groups as shown in Figure 6. And the connections will be based on the clustered ring topology.
Additionally, a potential future Ring 2 connecting Camino Tassajara/ Diablo Road and Camino
Tassajara/Sycamore Valley Road is recommended.
Table 1 summarizes the intersections and Town sites in each ring.
Table 1: Proposed Interim Fiber Network Ring Structure
# Ring Intersection ID
Number of
Signalized
Intersections
Town Sites
Number
of Town
Sites
1 Ring 1 43, 44, 45, 46, 50, 49,
48, 47, 41, 40, 39, 56, 42 13 Town Offices/TMC/HUB 1
2 Signal
Group 1 61, 57, 53, 52, 51 5 Oak Hill Park Community Center 1
3 Signal
Group 2
38, 36, 37, 55, 35, 34, 27,
26, 28, 60, 30, 31, 33 13
Village Theatre & Art Gallery/Town
Meeting Hall, Danville Community
Center & Library, Veterans Memorial
Building
3
4 Signal
Group 3
27, 26, 25, 24, 62, 29,
32 7 - 0
5 Signal
Group 4
23, 58, 22, 59, 21, 20,
19, 54, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14 13 Maintenance Service Center 1
6 Signal
Group 5
11, 10, 9, 12, 13, 8, 7, 6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1 13 - 0
Note: Refer to Figure 3 for intersection names.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 18
Figure 6: Proposed Interim Fiber Optic Network
Group 1
Ring 1
Potential Future Fiber Ring 2
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Town Sites:
1. Town Oce s/TMC/HUB (500 La Gonda Way)
2. Village Theatre/Town Meeting Hall (233/201 Front Street)
3. Danville Community Center/Library (420 Front Street)
4. Oak Hill Park Community Bldg. (3005 Stone Valley Road)
5. Maintenance Service Center (1000 Sherburne Hills Road)
6. Veterans Memorial Building (400 Hartz Avenue)
Town of Danville
Proposed Interim Fiber Optics Communications Network
Figure 6
Legend:
Trac Signals
Town Sites
Signal Group 1
Ring 1 (144-Strand Fiber Cable)
Signal Group 2
Signal Group 3
Signal Group 4
Cable 1 - 48-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 2 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Cable 3 - 144-Strand Fiber Cable
Signal Group 5
12-Strand Fiber Cable
TMC/HUB
1
6 2
3
4
7
61 57
53
52
51
5046454443
42
56 39 40 41 47 48 49
38 36 37
55
35
34
27 26 25 24 23 58 22
59
21
20
19
54
18
17
16
15 14
13
12
9
10
11
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 16029
28 62
30
31 32
33
Town of Danville
Existing Trac Signals System
Legend:
Caltrans Maintained Trac Signals
Interconnect System
Contra Costa County Maintained Trac Signals
Figure 3
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 19
6.3. INTERIM COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK UPGRADES
Based on the review of existing communication infrastructure and proposed fiber optic communication
network, the following recommendations should be added to existing infrastructure for the proposed
fiber optics communication network.
1. 48 and 144-Strand fiber optic cable for the trunk line pulled through existing signal interconnect
conduit.
2. 12-Strand fiber pigtail connection from the intersections to the town sites.
3. Remove existing pull box and install #6E pull box with splice enclosure near each signal cabinet.
4. Install new 3” conduit between intersection of Camino Tassajara/Old Orchard Drive and Camino
Tassajara/Sycamore Valley Road. Under existing conditions, there is an empty conduit run
between the intersections of Camino Tassajara/Diablo and Camino Tassajara/Old Orchard
Drive.
5. No new Fiber Optic Switches are needed as the Town is upgrading them as a part of the Traffic
Signal Controller replacement project, which would be completed by end of fiscal year 2022.
6. Fiber Patch Panel at each intersection cabinet. A 12-Strand fiber optic cable is recommended at
each intersection.
6.4. INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) ADDRESS SCHEMATIC LAYOUT
An IP address is a unique identifier used to locate a device on the IP network. IP address schematic
layout was prepared for the proposed fiber optic network and includes IP addresses for all intersections
and equipment’s including network switches, controllers, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), PTZ
cameras, and video detection cameras. Additionally, IP addresses will be provided for video, SQL,
connected vehicle and email servers. The proposed IP address schematic for the Town’s fiber optic
communications network is provided in Appendix A.
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan P a g e | 20
7. Project Costs
This section summarizes the prioritization of the proposed fiber optic network and associated costs.
This includes converting the overall network into shorter segments and prioritizing these segments so
that they can be implemented in phases.
7.1. PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATES FOR INTERIM FIBER OPTIC NETWORK
Preliminary cost estimates for proposed interim fiber optics communication network were developed
and summarized in Table 2. The estimates include all infrastructure necessary to replace the existing
signal interconnect with fiber optic cable, and to connect the remote facilities as shown in Figures 5 &
6. The cost estimates include fiber optic cable, new 3” conduit where necessary, pull boxes and splice
vaults, and fiber splicing and testing. Additionally, the costs include but are not limited to number of
strands (approximately 144), fiber patch panels, and connectors that will need to be installed in each
signal cabinet. The estimates do not include specific field devices such as new traffic controllers,
roadside counting devices, CCTV cameras or other devices other than the communications equipment
needed for the fiber communications network. The estimates also include engineering design,
construction management and environmental clearance. The preliminary cost estimates are provided
in Appendix B.
Table 2: Preliminary Cost Estimates
# Proposed Fiber
Optic Network Plan Scenario
Number of
Signalized
Intersections
Number of
Town Sites
Estimated
Cost
1
Interim
Design-Build 60 6 $1,590,839
2 Design-bid-Build 60 6 $2,983,908
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan
Appendix A - Internet Protocol (IP) Address Schematic Layout
IP
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Di
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Di
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53
Gr
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54
Ca
m
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2
55
Sa
n
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56
Ra
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l
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&
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.
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57
St
o
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&
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58
Sy
c
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59
Sy
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60
Sa
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61
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62
Ca
m
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.
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2
.
1
6
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.
6
2
Town of Danville Fiber Optic Communications Network Master Plan
Appendix B - Preliminary Cost Estimates for Interim Fiber Optic Network
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
N
a
m
e
TO
W
N
O
F
D
A
N
V
I
L
L
E
T
O
W
N
W
I
D
E
F
I
B
E
R
O
P
T
I
C
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
A
T
I
O
N
De
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
SC
E
N
A
R
I
O
1
:
D
E
S
I
G
N
-
B
U
I
L
D
IT
E
M
N
O
.
I
T
E
M
D
E
S
C
R
I
P
T
I
O
N
U
n
i
t
Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
U
n
i
t
P
r
i
c
e
(
$
)
E
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
d
C
o
s
t ($)
1
M
O
B
I
L
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Z
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T
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N
L
S
1
7
,
5
0
0
.
0
0
7
,
5
0
0
2
T
R
A
F
F
I
C
C
O
N
T
R
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L
S
Y
S
T
EM
L
S
1
1
0
,
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
0
,
0
0
0
3
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
P
V
C
C
O
N
D
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T
L
F
3
,
9
6
0
7
5
.
0
0
2
9
7
,
0
0
0
4
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
F
I
B
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R
L
F
1
0
5
,
6
0
0
6
.
0
0
6
3
3
,
6
0
0
5
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
P
A
T
C
H
P
A
N
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L
E
A
6
0
5
0
0
.
0
0
3
0
,
0
0
0
6
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
A
N
D
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
#
6
E
P
U
L
L
B
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X
E
A
6
0
2
,
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
2
0
,
0
0
0
7
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
A
N
D
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
S
P
L
I
C
E
E
N
C
L
O
S
U
R
E
E
A
6
0
2
,
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
2
0
,
0
0
0
1,218,100 1,339,910 36,543 40,197 40,197 107,193 26,798 $ 1,5 90,839
Ad
m
i
n
(
2
%
)
TO
T
A
L
In
i
t
i
a
l
F
i
e
l
d
W
o
r
k
(
3
%
)
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
8
%
)
E
S
T
I
M
A
T
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O
F
C
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T
CO
N
S
T
R
U
C
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N
C
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T
Co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
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n
C
o
s
t
w
i
t
h
1
0
%
C
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t
i
n
g
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n
c
y
De
s
i
g
n
(
3
%
)
Co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
M
a
n
a
g
v
e
m
e
n
t
(
3
%
)
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
N
a
m
e
TO
W
N
O
F
D
A
N
V
I
L
L
E
T
O
W
N
W
I
D
E
F
I
B
E
R
O
P
T
I
C
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
A
T
I
O
N
De
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
SC
E
N
A
R
I
O
2
:
D
E
S
I
G
N
-
B
I
D
-
B
U
I
L
D
IT
E
M
N
O
.
I
T
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M
D
E
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C
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P
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U
n
i
t
Q
u
a
n
t
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y
U
n
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t
P
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c
e
(
$
)
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s
t
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m
a
t
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d
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o
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t ($)
1
M
O
B
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I
Z
A
T
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N
L
S
1
8
,
6
2
5
.
0
0
8
,
6
2
5
2
T
R
A
F
F
I
C
C
O
N
T
R
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L
S
Y
S
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L
S
1
1
1
,
5
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
,
5
0
0
3
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
P
V
C
C
O
N
D
U
I
T
L
F
3
,
9
6
0
8
6
.
2
5
3
4
1
,
5
5
0
4
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
F
I
B
E
R
L
F
1
0
5
,
6
0
0
8
.
6
3
9
1
0
,
8
0
0
5
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
&
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
P
A
T
C
H
P
A
N
E
L
E
A
6
0
5
7
5
.
0
0
3
4
,
5
0
0
6
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
A
N
D
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
#
6
E
P
U
L
L
B
O
X
E
A
6
0
2
,
3
0
0
.
0
0
1
3
8
,
0
0
0
7
F
U
R
N
I
S
H
A
N
D
I
N
S
T
A
L
L
S
P
L
I
C
E
E
N
C
L
O
S
U
R
E
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A
6
0
2
,
3
0
0
.
0
0
1
3
8
,
0
0
0
1,582,975 2,057,868 308,680 205,787
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
1
5
%
)
308,680 102,893 $ 2,9 83,908
TO
T
A
L
E
S
T
I
M
A
T
E
O
F
C
O
S
T
CO
N
S
T
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U
C
T
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N
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T
Co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
C
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s
t
w
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t
h
3
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%
C
o
n
t
i
n
g
e
n
c
y
De
s
i
g
n
(
1
5
%
)
Ad
m
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n
(
5
%
)
Co
n
s
t
r
u
c
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o
n
M
a
n
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g
v
e
m
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(
1
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